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Objective To explore the changes of S-100 protein(S-100) levels in blood in newborn rats with bilirubin encephalopathy.Methods The model was established by administered bilirubin intraperitoneally(200 mg/kg) in newborn rats.The blood and brains samples were taken from 8 rats at the sequential time points of 6,12,24,48,72 and 96 h after the model established.Eight normal rats were used as the control.The dynamic changes of S-100 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and immunohistochemical technique.Results S-100 significantly increased in blood of bilirubin encephalopathy newborn rats compared with controls(P
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Objective To study the changes of neuron specific enolase(NSE) and S100? protein levels in serum after cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR) in rats,and and to evaluate their significance on early diagnosis of brain injury. Methods Caridiac arrest model was induced by asphyxiation with ice-cold 0.5 mol KCl in rats,and resuscitation 5 minutes after arrest.Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups : sham control group (n=10) and 4 routine treatment group (experimental group) (n=10,per group) . The blood samples were taken from rats at 6 , 12 , 24 , 48 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation(ROSC).NSE and S100? measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were compared between each experimental group,serum from sham control animals was also analyzed. Results Both NSE and S100? were significantly increased in serum after ROSC when compared to sham controls(P
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Objective To observe the role of methylprednisolone in treatment of brain injuries through comparing the changes of serum S 100B protein and neuron specific enolase (NSE) levels. Methods Seventy two rats with brain contusion made by frontoparietal bone windows plasty with extradural hitting were divided into three groups: control group ( n =32), normal group ( n =8) and treatment group ( n =32) that were subdivided into groups 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after injury. The levels of S 100B protein and NSE were measured at different time points after hitting by ELISA. Results ①The levels of serum S 100B protein and NSE was (0.35?0.03) ?g/L and (8.35?1.01) ?g/L, respectively in normal group. The levels of serum S 100 B protein and NSE in control group and treatment group (6 24 hours post injury) were higher than those in normal group ( P
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Neurilmomma is a benign tumor which originate from the neuroectodermal Schwann cell of cranial, intraspinal, peripheral and autonomic nerve sheath. Although these tumors have been reported to occur throughout the body, the highest incidence, accounting for 25% to 45% of all cases, has been reported in the head and neck area. Except the acoustic neurilemmoma which is the most common in the otolaryngologic fields, neurilemmoma originating from the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus is very rare (about 4%). Recently, the authors have experienced a case of neurilemmoma of nasal cavity and thus presents the clinical and radiolographic findings along with a review of the literature.
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Autonomic Pathways , Head , Incidence , Nasal Cavity , Neck , Neural Plate , Neurilemmoma , Neurofibroma , Neuroma, Acoustic , S100 Proteins , Schwann CellsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the concentration of S-100 protein presenting in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood serum in patients with Guillain-Barr? syndrome (GBS), and discuss the value of assessment in measuring S-100 protein level to Schwann′s cell insult. Methods S-100 beta protein was measured dynamically by ELISA in CSF and blood serum from 50 patients with GBS and 22 referencesThe patients were divided into two categories by disease severity: the severe group and the mild groupMeanwhile, CSF cytology was also detected. Results (1) The level of CSF S-100 beta protein in both severe and mild groups were higher than that of the control group (P0.05)(2) The percentage of CSF monocyte in severe group was higher than that of the mild and the control groups(P0.05)(3) There was a dynamic change of CSF S-100 beta protein level in GBS patients correlated with the percentage of CSF monocyte and the severity of disease. Conclusions CSF and blood serum S-100 beta protein level in patients with GBS may be related to the severity of the disease.
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Objective To investigate the expression of nerve tissue protein S-100(S-100)and gap junctional protein connexin 43(Cx43) in rat adenohypophyseal folliculo stellate cells(FSCs) under the influence of ovariectomized osteoporosis(OVX-OP) and estrogen replacement therapy(ERT). Methods Sixty 10 month old female rats were randomly divided into sham operation control group(Sham), ovariectomy group (OVX) and ovariectomy+ERT group (OVX+ERT). L4-6 bone mineral density(BMD) of the animals in Sham group and OVX group were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA) at the end of 6 weeks after operation. From 7th week, rats in OVX+ERT group were treated with nilestriol(1 mg?kg -1?week-1) for 6 weeks. Rat L4-6 BMD in OVX+ERT group were measured at the end of 12 weeks after operation. Expression of S-100 and Cx43 in FSCs was detected using immunofluorescent histochemistry and laser scanning confocal microscopy(LSCM). Results L4-6 BMD was significantly lower in OVX group (0.193?0.006) g/cm2 than in Sham group(0.211?0.013) g/cm2 and in OVX+ERT group (0.204?0.010) g/cm2 (P
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Objective To study the morphological changes of the Schwann cells within the predegenerated nerve. Methods The ulanr and the median nerves were cut bilaterally at the axillary level in 42 SD rats. A nerve segment of 1 cm in length was harvested from the distal segment of each of the cut nerves right after the operation, 3 days, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively(group 1-7). The methods of Schwann cells culture and S-100 protein standing were used to study the temporal changes of the number of the Schwann cells, and the thickness of myelin of the predegenerated nerve were studied under electromicroscope. Results The number of Schwann cells increased after nerve transection, and reached a peak of [(3.52?0.27)?107]/ml in one week. The thickness of myelin also increased after nerve transection, and was thickest at about (231.2?8.9) nm in one week. The myelin thickness slowly decreased after this time. Conclusion The number of the Schwann cells and the thickness of myelin of the predegenerated nerve were changed with time.
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Objective: To discuss the values of serum S100 protein in evaluating the cerebral injuries during and after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Methods: 40 patients (25 valve replacement, 13 simple congenital heart disease, 2 valve replacement plus CABG) were studied. Serum S100 protein was serially assessed at different time intervals and the patients' neuropyscological complications were recorded. Results: S100 was not detected before CPB, and it reached its peak level at the termination of CPB, then gradually decrease to the preoperative levels. Three patients with the highest level appeared neuropyscological mobidity. Conclusion: S100 protein has significant change during CPB, and may reflect both the severity of the cerebral injury and increased permeability of the blood brain barrier. Its level has very great significance in evaluating cerebral injuries.
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Objective It was estimated that about 70% patients suffered from mild brain function disturbances after cardiac surgery with CPB Methods for early detection of brain injury after CPB in current use like EEG, transcranial Doppler, CT, MRI are expensive and not sensitive It was repored that combined assays of S 100 protein and NSE were conducive to early detection of brain ischemic injury and prediction of the prognosis The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in cerebral blood S 100 protein and NSE levels during and after open heart surgery with mild hypothermic CPB Methods 15 consecutive ASA Ⅱ Ⅲ patients undergoing elective open heart surgery under CPB were studied Aortic cross clamping time was 30 60 min and CPB time was less than 120 min Patients with hypertension and neurologic or endocrine diseases were excluded Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0 15mg/kg, fentanyl 5?g/kg and vecuronium 0 1mg/kg Fentanyl 30 50 ?g/kg was continuously infused after tracheal intubation and during CPB Vecuronium was given intermittently to maintain muscle relaxation Midazolam was infused at 0 2mg?kg -1 h -1 during CPB Temperature was reduced to 32℃ 35℃ during CPB Aterial blood pH and PCO 2 were maintained within normal range and Hct between 25% 30% during CPB Internal jugular vein was caunulated and the catheter was advanced retrogradely until jugular bulb Jugular venous blood samples were taken for determination of S 100 protein and NSE content before CPB (A),when mild hypothermia (32℃ 35℃ ) was steadily maintained (B), rewarming to 36℃ (C), 30 min (D),4 6h (E) and 24h (F) after termination of CPB Results (1) After institution of CPB, S 100 protein level increased significantly (P
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Objective Recent studies showed that change in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) level of S100B protein was closely related to cerebral damage. The aim of this study was to investigate if deliberate hypotension induced by isoflurane can increase the release of S100B protein in CSF during clipping of intracranial aneurysm.Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ patients (16 male, 14 female) aged 24-68 yr undergoing elective intracranial aneurysm clipping were randomly divided into two groups : group A deliberate hypotension ( n = 15) and group B control ( n = 15) in which BP was maintained at normal level during operation. In both groups anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.06 mg? kg-1 , fentanyl 3-5 ?g? kg-1 , propofol 2 mg? kg-1 and vecuronium 0.1 mg ? kg-1 and maintained with 1.2% isoflurane and intermittent intravenous (i. v.) blouses of fentanyl and vecuronium. After tracheal intubation the patients were mechanically ventilated (VT 8-10 ml?kg-1 , RR 12 bpm, I :E = 1:2). PaCO, was maintained at 35-40 mm Hg, In group A deliberate hypotension was induced by increasing the inhaled concentration of isoflurane until BP was reduced by 30 % -40 % of the baseline value. After clipping of aneurysm MAP was restored to baseline level. CSF level of S100B protein was measured before deliberate hypotension and 0, 2, 4 h after aneurysm clipping. Results (1) MAP was decreased from (95 ? 12) mm Hg to (59 ? 5) mm Hg 30 min after deliberate hypotension was started and restored to (75 ? 8) mm Hg 30 min after aneurysm was clipped. In group A both systemic peripheral vascular resistance and myocardial contraction acceleration were decreased but cardiac output and HR remained stable, as compared with those in group B. (2) CSF level of S100B protein was significantly increased 4 h after aneuuysm clipping in both groups but CSF level of S100B protein was significantly higher in group A than that in group B. Conclusion Deliberate hypotension induced by isoflurane increases the release of S100B protein and may worsen cerebral vasospasm and be detrimental to perioperative cerebral protection.